Lighting Techniques: Basic Strategies For Beginners in Creating the Perfect Image
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by: Juhlin Youlein
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As a beginner in this field, you must understand the types of lighting techniques, how they affect the camera and how you can use this knowledge for the best possible results in your photographs. There are many techniques in light placement but for a novice like you it is important to learn initially the four basic categories.
The first lighting technique is backlighting. It is one of the most popular forms of artistic photography. In this method, light comes from behind, illuminating the subject. The viewer and the lighting equipment are facing each other with the subject between them. This will create an effect causing the subject’s edges to glow while the other parts of the image are darker. It is also used if you wish to capture the effects of sunrise or sunset with human subjects. Backlighting creates that illusion that the subject and its background are separated.
Diffused lighting is where the most natural lighting strategies are used. This technique is used when you want to soften the incoming light, taking away contrast to the image. In photo compositions it is advisable to avoid bright sunlight on your subject. This will make the photos washed out with dark contrasting shadows. In outdoor photography, a cloud cover will somehow diffuse sunlight and create an even light which allows for a more detailed image. These soft lights are more flattering for portraits.
In a wedding photography in Phoenix diffused lights are used. Natural soft lights highlighted the face, skin and hair of the bride creating a contrast that provided a romantic look. Changing positions of the subject and camera was done to avoid direct light from the sun.
Another lighting strategy is side lighting. It is a common and artistic way of illuminating the subject, object and background causing dramatic effects on the images. The light effects come from the left or right side of the subject unlike backlighting. Sidelighting is also an essential strategy in black and white photography because it relies on gray tones rather than color in recording the subject. Shadows that are created in this method create remarkable pictures from simple objects. Buildings, people and landscapes are more noticeable when lighted from the side.
Artificial lighting is the technique used in indoor photography. It can be done in a variety of ways. In this method the photographer has complete control over the quality, direction and strength of the lighting effects. Artificial light has two essential purposes. One function is it provides light in a part of an image wherein natural light is unable to supply. And the other purpose is that it can restore color which was lost in the filtering effect of water. Passport and ID pictures are usually taken in artificial light.
Understanding the basic types of lighting techniques is a fundamental part for you to learn to create quality photographs. To be more experienced, you can continuously improve yourself by applying these techniques in a variety of ways. You can apply the diffused lighting technique in a wedding photography in Phoenix or simply try out the side lighting strategy in black and white images on different subjects. Once you gain the experience and skills for all these types of lighting techniques, achieving the perfect snapshot will be an easy process.
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